TY - JOUR AU - Hemmet Abdullah, Abdullah TI - Negotiating Islamic Identity in Secular Europe: A Maqāṣidī Framework for Second- and Third-Generation Muslim Minorities PY - 2025 JO - Journal of Scientific Development for Studies and Research VL - 6 IS - 24 DO - 10.61212/jsd/405 SP - 324 EP - 344 ER -